2012

There are many issues that face gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) individuals that their heterosexual peers do not encounter, such as coming-out stressors, marginalization, discrimination, and identity development issues (Vaughan & Waehler, 2010; Weststrate & McLean, 2010; Zubernis & Snyder, 2007). Meyer (2003) has shown that GLB individuals have a higher rate of mental disorders than do heterosexual individuals. The author describes a conceptual framework of minority stress as the major contributor to his conclusions (Meyer, 2003). Due to the significant stress and mental health repercussions that this population faces, counselors and counselor educators must be aware of and have an understanding of the potential struggles and stresses that often occur. This literature review will look at specific aspects of issues of GLBT individuals, including an emphasis on college students. It will also discuss ways that counselors and counselor educators can successfully address these issues when working with GLBT individuals or teaching future counselors.